Higher Order Logic
- Bertrand Russell invents The Theory of Types [Russell08].
- Alonzo Church invents first the lambda calculus and then his Simple Theory of Types (STT), a radically simplfied but powerful type theory.
- Robin Milner invents a simple form of polymorphism for typed lambda cacluli in the course of implementing a proof tool for Scott's Logic for Computable Functions (LCF).
- Mike Gordon combines Church's STT with Milner polymorphism and conservative extension features in his LCF derived implementation of HOL.
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Set Theory
- Cantor is the originator of informal modern set theory.
- Ernst Zermelo provided the first consistent axiomatisation in 1908
- Fraenkel adds the replacement axiom to increase the proof theoretic strength of Zermelo's system.
- Jean Raymond Abrial elaborates ZF set theory into the Z specification language which is used with freewheeling axiomatic extension and no apparent regard for conservative extension.
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