by
on
| Pref | Preface | |
| Group I | "Semi-popular" Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics | |
| Essay 1 | The Ways of Paradox (1961) | |
| Essay 2 | On a Supposed Antinomy (1952) | |
| Essay 3 | Foundations of Mathematics (1964) | |
| Essay 4 | On the Application of Modern Logic (1960) | |
| Group II | Reminiscence of Carnap | |
| Essay 5 | Homage to Rudolf Carnap (1970) | |
| Group III | Logicophilosophical pieces aimed at linguists | |
| Essay 6 | Logic as a Source of Syntactical Insights (1960) | |
| Essay 7 | Vagaries of Definition (1972) | |
| Essay 8 | Linguistics and Philosophy (1968) | |
| Group IV | lightly, of knowledge and necessary truth (radio talks) | |
| Essay 9 | The Limits of Knowledge (1972) | |
| Group V | Analyticity, modal logic, and propositional attitudes | |
| Essay 10 | Necessary Truth (1963) | |
| Essay 11 | Truth by Convention (1935) | |
| Essay 12 | Carnap and Logical Truth (1954) | |
| Essay 13 | Implicit Definition Sustained (1964) | |
| Essay 14 | Mr. Strawson on Logical Theory (1953) | |
| Group VI | Ontology | |
| Essay 15 | Three Grades of Modal Involvement (1953) | |
| Essay 16 | Reply to Professor Marcus (1962) | |
| Essay 17 | Quantifiers and Propositional Attitudes (1955) | |
| Essay 18 | A Logistical Approach to the Ontological Problem (1938) | |
| Essay 19 | On Carnap's Views on Ontology | |
| Essay 20 | Ontological Reduction and the World of Numbers (1964) | |
| Essay 21 | On Mental Entities (1952) | |
| Essay 22 | The Scope and Language of Science | |
| Group VII | Variables | |
| Essay 23 | Posits and Reality (1955) | |
| Essay 24 | On Simple Theories of a Complex World (1960) | |
| Essay 25 | On Multiplying Entities (1966-74) | |
| Essay 26 | Ontological Remarks on the Propositional Calculus | |
| Essay 27 | The Variable (1972) | |
| Group VIII | more austerely logical | |
| Essay 28 | Algebraic Logic and Predicate Functors | |
| Essay 29 | Truth and Disquotation |
The paper begins in natural language but eventually proceeds to set theory and arithmetic. In the main the paradoxes or antinomies discussed, which include Zeno's (falsidical), Grelling's (falsidical), Berry's (antinomy), the liar (antinomy), Russell's (antinomy) and Cantor's (antinomy), are shown by Quine either to be veridical or falsidical paradoxes, or they are shown to be genuine antinomies, either in natural language or in some technical language (or both). In the latter case Quine indicates how the languages or their logic might be amended to eliminate the antinomy.
Quine presents no important difference in charater between the natural and more formal languages, not appearing to doubt that antinomies in natural languages can be repaired. The most clearly presented repair is that of the liar paradox and related semantic paradoxes by use of a heirarchy of languages at once, by means of suffixes on semantic attributes such as "true".
By contrast I would say that antinomies in natural languages cannot be fixed, that logical systems cannot be repaired peicemeal, and that the changes necessary to make a natural language into a coherent logical system are sufficiently radical, and must be adhered to with such rigidity that the result would no longer be a natural language.
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created 2001-6-15 modified 2015-07-02