INTRODUCTION | ||
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§1. Recent work in mathematics has shown a tendency towards rigour of proof and sharp definition of concepts. | ||
§2. This critical examination must ultimately extend to the concept of number itself. The aim of proof. | ||
§3. Philosophical motives for such an enquiry: the controversies as to whether the laws of arithmetic are analytic or synthetic, a priori or a poteriori. Sense of these expressions. | ||
§4. Task of the present work. | ||
I. | VIEWS of CERTAIN WRITERS on the NATURE of ARITHMETICAL PROPOSITIONS | |
Are numerical formulae provable? | §5. | |
§6. | ||
§7. | ||
§8. | ||
Are the laws of arithmetic inductive truths? | §9. | |
§10. | ||
§11. | ||
Are the laws of arithmetic synthetic a priori or analytic? | §12. | |
§13. | ||
§14. | ||
§15. | ||
§16. | ||
§17. | ||
II. | VIEWS of CERTAIN WRITERS on the CONCEPT of NUMBER | |
§18. | ||
§19. | ||
§20. | ||
Is number a property of external things? | §21. | |
§22. | ||
§23. | ||
§24. | ||
§25. | ||
Is number something subjective? | §26. | |
§27. | ||
Numbers as sets. | §28. | |
III. | VIEWS on UNITY and ONE | |
Does the number word "one" express a property of objects? | §.29 | |
§30. | ||
§31. | ||
§32. | ||
§33. | ||
Are units identical with one another? | §34. | |
§35. | ||
§36. | ||
§37. | ||
§38. | ||
§39. | ||
Attempts to overcom the difficulty. | §40. | |
§41. | ||
§42. | ||
§43. | ||
§44. | ||
Solution of the difficulty. | §45. | |
§46. | ||
§47. | ||
§48. | ||
§49. | ||
§50. | ||
§51. | ||
§52. | ||
§53. | ||
§54. | ||
IV. | The CONCEPT of NUMBER | |
Any individual number is a self-subsistent object. | §55. | |
§56. | ||
§57. | ||
§58. | ||
§59. | ||
§60. | ||
§61. | ||
To obtain the concept of number, we must fix the sense of a numerical identity. | §62. | |
§63. | ||
§64. | ||
§65. | ||
§66. | ||
§67. | ||
§68. | ||
§69. | ||
One definition completed and its worth proved. | §70. | |
§71. | ||
§72. | ||
§73. | ||
§74. | ||
§75. | ||
§76. | ||
§77. | ||
§78. | ||
§79. | ||
§80. | ||
§81. | ||
§82. | ||
§83. | ||
Infinite numbers. | §84. | |
§85. | ||
§86. | ||
V. | CONCLUSIONS | |
§87. | ||
§88. | ||
§89. | ||
§90. | ||
§91. | ||
Other numbers. | §92. | |
§93. | ||
§94. | ||
§95. | ||
§96. | ||
§97. | ||
§98. | ||
§99. | ||
§100. | ||
§101. | ||
§102. | ||
§103. | ||
§104. | ||
§105. | ||
§106-9. |
"In the enquiry that follows, I have kept to three fundamental principles:
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